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METHODOLOGY & SOURCES
How our data and calculations work
EconoPi applies standard finance formulas directly to the values entered by the user. Unless a calculator states otherwise, recurring growth and payments are modeled monthly, displayed currency does not imply a country-specific tax treatment, and results are rounded only for display.
US stock heatmaps: sources, dates and missing data
The heatmaps compare individual stocks at a completed US trading session. They are not a live trading feed or an official index return. The following method applies to the S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, Dow 30, SOXQ semiconductor holdings and Magnificent 7 views.
Membership and coverage
S&P 500 membership comes from the Wikipedia-based DataHub list. Other views use reviewed membership lists with their own dates and source links on each market page. The semiconductor view uses disclosed SOXQ equity holdings as a proxy, not a verified official SOX composition or weight feed. Different share classes can appear separately. Current membership does not reconstruct past index membership.
Close date, retrieval time and updates
The collector checks after the New York regular-session close, accounting for holidays and early closes. Tickerbot is the primary closing-price provider; TGMCharts fills remaining gaps. Each accepted close must match the requested symbol and completed trading date. The close date describes the observation; retrieval time describes when it was collected. Provider corrections can revise a close without changing its trading date. Market caps and financial ratios follow their own update dates.
Daily return, breadth and map area
Daily price change = (close ÷ reference previous close − 1) × 100. The reference comes from a checked provider record or consecutive stored closes; a changed corporate-action reference may alter that comparison. This is a price comparison, not a dividend-reinvested total return. Advancing share = advancing stocks ÷ stocks with a daily change; unchanged stocks remain in the denominator. Missing changes are excluded. Tile areas use reported company market caps, not free-float-adjusted official index weights, and multiple share classes may share one company market cap.
What missing values mean
The union of the five views can publish a new session once at least 80% has validated closes. Coverage in an individual view can differ. A wider outage keeps the previous validated session and its date. Missing prices, returns, market caps or ratios remain unavailable rather than becoming zero. A stock without market cap is absent from map sizing but remains in the list. Year-to-date and one-year returns are provider fields; unavailable periods are not inferred from a one-day move.
How to check an unexpected number
Read the close date and coverage notice first, then inspect the selected stock’s source and financial-data date. Compare the same session, currency, share class and return definition. Ratios with different reporting dates need not describe the close exactly. If the latest fetch fails, the site keeps its dated snapshot and shows a notice. Send a correction with the page, symbol, date and a verifiable source through the contact address on About.
Market data providers and membership source
Method and implementation checked October 27, 2026. This review is not a claim that all source records were updated that day.
Stock position tools
Stock average cost equals the combined purchase cost of all entered lots divided by their total shares. Stock profit subtracts purchase cost and percentage-based buy and sell fees from sale proceeds, then applies the selected tax percentage only to a positive modeled gain. The break-even price recovers purchase cost and both fees before tax. Dividend income equals shares multiplied by annual dividend per share; after-tax income applies the selected withholding rate, and the five-year scenario compounds only the dividend per share while keeping share count fixed.
Investing and retirement
Compound, retirement and FIRE projections convert the selected effective annual return to an equivalent monthly rate. FIRE targets equal annual spending divided by the selected withdrawal rate and rise with inflation. Dividend retirement projections separately model yield, dividend growth, price growth, tax and optional reinvestment. The 401(k) projection starts with official 2026 limits and estimates later limits using the selected growth assumption. Real markets are volatile, so constant-return projections do not model sequence-of-returns risk.
Loans, mortgages and housing
Installment payments use the standard fixed-rate amortization formula. The global mortgage calculator uses the selected country’s currency and adds only entered annual and monthly costs. It does not automatically add US PMI or local taxes. For monthly compounding, the monthly rate is the nominal annual rate divided by 12. For semi-annual compounding, it is (1 + annual rate ÷ 2)^(1/6) − 1, with the annual rate expressed as a decimal. Canada starts with semi-annual compounding; users can match their contract. Variable rates and future renewals are not modeled. Home affordability applies the selected debt-to-income ceiling and cash constraint; actual underwriting rules and PMI quotes vary by lender.
Tax, wage and public data
Hourly pay uses entered hours and overtime terms for 218 economies. Take-home pay supports entered annual deductions in every country, with optional 2026 US and Japan tax estimates under their stated assumptions. Inflation uses World Bank / IMF annual CPI (FP.CPI.TOTL, 2010=100), with observations for 192 economies and country-specific coverage years through at most 2025. Missing values are not interpolated or replaced with another country. This measures domestic price change, not international purchasing-power parity or currency redenominations. Historical market series are provided for education and should not be treated as a live quote or investment recommendation.
World economy atlas
The atlas covers 217 World Bank economies plus Taiwan, for 218 economies in total. This is not a count of sovereign states or a claim that all observations are from 2026. The country ranking includes only the latest available observation that represents one comparable economy-wide statutory floor. ILOSTAT observations marked regional, sectoral or occupational—and schedules limited by nationality, employer class or jurisdiction—are excluded from that ranking and shown as researched status or detailed regional schedules instead. A displayed source year is not represented as a 2026 legal effective date. USD figures use the stated official exchange-rate period and are comparison values, not payroll estimates. GDP and GDP per capita use the latest World Bank observations.
Reproducing educational examples
Each calculator’s comparison table uses a fixed scenario independent of the input controls above it. Match the stated starting amount, contribution timing, horizon and tax assumptions to reproduce the method. Investment and savings examples convert effective annual returns into monthly rates and apply deposits at month-end. Synthetic values are labeled separately from current exchange rates or market history. Recalculating from rounded display values can produce small differences.
Reading the country comparison note
The atlas places the selected economy beside a second economy using published hourly comparison values. Ratios use the displayed rounded hourly amounts. The note identifies mixed official and normalized hourly bases and different source periods. If either economy lacks a comparable national value, no ratio is calculated; missing data is never treated as zero. This is not a ratio of take-home income, purchasing power or living standards.
Salary and living cost comparison
Monthly take-home income minus housing, living, transport and one twelfth of annual irregular costs gives the amount left each month. Hourly pay uses the entered paid hours and weeks, less entered monthly deductions. Different currencies require an explicit comparison exchange rate. No city costs or tax rates are invented. Compare two monthly budgets.
This tool and its hypothetical worked example were reviewed on September 27, 2026.
What a review date means
The original calculator examples were reviewed on September 19, 2026; later revisions show their own review dates on the relevant pages. This does not mean every statutory wage or underlying dataset was refreshed that day. Consult the topic-specific references on each calculator and the source, observation period and effective date on each map record.
Primary references
World Bank / IMF: CPI (CC BY 4.0) · Japan NTA: 2026 deductions
- IRS: 2026 tax inflation adjustments
- IRS: 2026 retirement contribution limits
- SSA: 2026 Social Security contribution base
- BLS: Consumer Price Index
- ILOSTAT: wages and working time statistics
- OECD Data Explorer: minimum wages
- World Bank: Indicators API
- Natural Earth: public-domain map geometry
- S&P Dow Jones Indices: annual S&P 500 performance
- Nasdaq: Composite historical closes
- U.S. Department of Labor: state minimum wages
- CFPB: mortgages and home buying
Source periods, review dates and legal effective dates are shown with the relevant data. When an official annual value is incomplete, the calculator uses the latest completed annual period rather than extrapolating a full-year figure.